Version: 3.x

Animating styles and props

In the last section, we learned how to make simple animations, what shared values are and how to use them. Now, we'll learn a different way of passing animation styles to components. We'll also go over the difference between animating styles and props and how to handle them using useAnimatedStyle and useAnimatedProps.

Animating styles

As we learned in the previous section we can animate styles by passing shared values inline to the elements' style property:

import Animated, { useSharedValue } from 'react-native-reanimated';

function App() {
  const width = useSharedValue(100);

  return <Animated.View style={{ width }} />;
}

In basic cases, this syntax works well but it has one big downside. It doesn't allow to access the value stored in a shared value. For example, it's not possible to build more complex animations by using inline styling to multiply this value (or do any other mathematical operation) before assigning it to the style prop.

<Animated.View style={{ width: width * 5 }} /> // this won't work

Let's suppose we have an example with a box which moves to the right on every button press:

import { View, Button } from 'react-native';
import Animated, { useSharedValue, withSpring } from 'react-native-reanimated';

function App() {
  const translateX = useSharedValue(0);

  const handlePress = () => {
    translateX.value = withSpring(translateX.value + 50);
  };

  return (
    <View style={styles.container}>
      <Animated.View style={[styles.box, { transform: [{ translateX }] }]} />
      <Button onPress={handlePress} title="Click me" />
    </View>
  );
}

If we would like to customize how our shared value changes based on some user input, (e.g. multiplying it by 2 or following some other mathematical equation) we couldn't use inline styling.

Luckily, the useAnimatedStyle hook comes to the rescue. It adds additional control and flexibility over your animation. This can be really useful when creating a bit more complicated animations which include conditional statements or loops.

Let's see it in action:

export default function App() {
  const translateX = useSharedValue<number>(0);

  const handlePress = () => {
    translateX.value += 50;
  };

  const animatedStyles = useAnimatedStyle(() => ({
    transform: [{ translateX: withSpring(translateX.value * 2) }],
  }));

  return (
    <>
      <Animated.View style={[styles.box, animatedStyles]} />
      <View style={styles.container}>
        <Button onPress={handlePress} title="Click me" />
      </View>
    </>
  );

useAnimatedStyle lets you access the value stored in a shared value. Thanks to that we could multiply the value by 2 before assigning it to style. This hook has one more advantage over passing animations to inline styles. It allows you to keep all the animation-related logic in one place.

You can see it in action in the example below:

Animating props

Most of the values that developers animate (width, color, transform etc.) are modified by passing them as an object to the style property of an element. But that's not always the case.

Sometimes we'd like to animate not just styles but also the props which are passed to the component.

For example, let's say we would like to animate SVG elements. Instead of passing values to the style property, values are defined as props:

<Circle cx="50" cy="50" r="10" fill="blue" />

Reanimated comes with just a handful of built-in components like Animated.View or Animated.ScrollView. For components which aren't a part of Reanimated, to make their props animatable, we need to wrap them with createAnimatedComponent:

import Animated from 'react-native-reanimated';
import { Circle } from 'react-native-svg';

const AnimatedCircle = Animated.createAnimatedComponent(Circle);

To animate the radius of the SVG circle we can simply pass the shared value as a prop:

import { useSharedValue } from 'react-native-reanimated';
import { Svg } from 'react-native-svg';

function App() {
  const r = useSharedValue(10);

  return (
    <Svg>
      <AnimatedCircle cx="50" cy="50" r={r} fill="blue" />
    </Svg>
  );
}

This approach works just fine but same as useAnimatedStyle for animating styles we can encapsulate the animation logic and gain access to the .value property of a shared value by using useAnimatedProps.

So if we'd like to smoothly increase the radius of a circle by 10px on each button press we could use useAnimatedProps:

const AnimatedCircle = Animated.createAnimatedComponent(Circle);

export default function App() {
  const r = useSharedValue<number>(20);

  const handlePress = () => {
    r.value += 10;
  };

  const animatedProps = useAnimatedProps(() => ({
    r: withTiming(r.value),
  }));

  return (
    <View style={styles.container}>
      <Svg style={styles.svg}>
        <AnimatedCircle
          cx="50%"
          cy="50%"
          fill="#b58df1"
          animatedProps={animatedProps}
        />
      </Svg>
      <Button onPress={handlePress} title="Click me" />
    </View>
  );
}

In a function which useAnimatedProps takes as an argument, we return an object with all the props we'd like to animate. Then we can pass the value which useAnimatedProps returns to the animatedProps prop of an Animated component.

Check out the full example below:

Summary

In this section, we went through the differences between animating styles and props and how to use useAnimatedStyle and useAnimatedProps. To sum up:

Passing shared values to inline styles is a simple way of creating animations but it has some limitations.
Difference between animating props and styles is that props are not passed to the style object, but rather as separate props of the component.
By using useAnimatedStyle and useAnimatedProps, you can access the value stored in a shared value. This can add additional control over the animation.
You can make your own animatable components by wrapping them with Animated.createAnimatedComponent.

What's next?

In the next section, we'll learn more about animation functions and how to customize their behavior.

Animating styles and props